CHARACTERIZATION LABORATORY
TEST |
METHOD |
| Moisture content – as received (AR) | UNE-EN ISO 18134-2:2017 |
| Particle size distribution, dp > 3.15mm | UNE-EN ISO 17827-1:2016 |
| Bulk density (“bulk”) | UNE-EN ISO 17828:2016 |
| Particle size distribution, dp < 3.15mm | UNE-EN ISO 17827-2:2016 |
| Fine particle content in pellet samples | UNE-EN ISO 18846:2017 |
| Mechanical durability of pellets | UNE-EN ISO 17831-1:2016 |
| Ash content | UNE-EN ISO 18122:2023 |
| Unburnt content | Internal Method |
| Volatile content | UNE-EN ISO 18123:2024 |
| Gross calorific value (GCV) | UNE-EN ISO 18125:2018 |
| Elemental analysis (CHN) | UNE-EN ISO 16948:2015 |
| GCV + NCV | UNE-EN ISO 18125:2018 |
| Sulfur content | UNE-EN ISO 16948:2015 |
| Chlorine content | UNE-EN ISO 16994:2017 |
| Major elements content (Al Ca Fe Mg P K Si Na Ti) | UNE-EN ISO 16994:2017 |
| Minor elements content (As Cd Co Cr Cu Hg Mn Mo Ni Pb Sb V Zn) | UNE-EN ISO 16967:2015 |
| Ash fusibility | UNE-EN ISO 16968:2015 |
| Determination of Na and K content | UNE-EN ISO 21404:2021 |
BENCH
TORREFACTION UNIT
- Batch operation mode
- 6 L volume/batch (production capacity)
- Rotary kiln directly heated reactor using ceramic band heater (200-500ºC)
- Inert gas/atmosphere selection
- Very flexible on raw material, excellent mixing & agitation, easy temperature control
- Very suitable for process and product optimization prior industrial tests
PILOT/DEMO
TORREFACTION DEMO PLANT
Production capacity:
150 – 350 kg/h
- Internally rotating shaft indirectly heated reactor using thermal oil (250-300ºC)
- Very flexible on raw material
- Excellent mixing & agitation
- Easy temperature control
- Extremely homogeneous product
PELLETIZATION DEMO PLANT
Production capacity:
200-400 kg/h
- Hammer mill: screen size 2-12 mm
- 1 m3 mixer: moisture content adjustment and additive feeding
- 30 kW mill press:
- Ad Hoc die designs: pellets diameter, compression ratio, number of holes, etc